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No. 749,765. PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904. W. N. WIGHT & P. E. TOWNSEND.RESERVOIR BOTTOM AND EXPANSION JOINT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 9, 1903.

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No. 749,765. PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904. W. N. WIGHT 6/: P. E. TOWNSEND.

RESERVOIR BOTTOM AND EXPANSION JOINT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 190a.

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UNITED STATES Patented January 19, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM NfWIGrHT AND FRED E. TOWNSEND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

RESERVOIR-BOTTOM AND EXPANSION-JOINT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,765, dated January19, 1904.

Application filed March 9, 1903. Serial No. 146,905. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM N. WIGHT, residing in the borough ofManhattan, county of New York, and FRED E. TOWNSEND, residing in boroughof Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York,-citizens ofthe United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inReservoir- Bottoms and Expansion-Joints, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention aims to provide certain improvements in reservoir-bottomsand in expansion-joints for such structures and for similar structures,such as reservoir-walls and other walls, pavements, or floors.

Our invention aims to provide sucha structure which shall be adapted. toresist the strains to which it is subjected and in which provision shallbe made for changes of temperature to prevent leakage as the structureexpands and contracts.

Various features of advantage in detail are recited hereinafterheaccompanying drawings illustrate a reservoir-bottom embodying ourinvention.

Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of the bottom. Fig. 2 is a transversesection of the same. Fig. 3 is a section of a portion of Fig. 2, showingthe effect of contraction of the masonry and showing also a modifiedform of the invention.

According to one feature of the invention the structure is formed ofblocks of masonry, preferably concrete, having a metal reinforce(preferably reticulated) embedded in them so as to give them strength toresist the pressures to which they are subjected, and between twoadjacent blocks the metal reinforce is crimped so as to give freelyunder temperature strains in either direction.

According to another feature of the invention a sheet of waterprooffabric is laid along the face of the masonry blocks and at the joint iscrimped between them to yield similarly to the metal reinforce. Forheavy structures subjected to considerable strain the masonryis'preferably formed in two courses with a sliding joint between themformed by applying sheets of fabric by means of adhesive waterproofingmaterial to the adjacent faces of the two courses of masonry, and thesesheets of fabric are provided with non-adhesive outer faces, andpreferably a separate sheet of non-adhesive fabric is applied betweenthem to permit free movement between the two courses.

Another feature of improvement consists in forming the edges of twoadjacent blocks flaring toward the faceof the structure and introducinga wedge-shaped plug in the space between said flared edges, so that thepressure against the face of the masonry forces the plug in andautomatically maintains the joint tight as it is widened by contractionof the masonry.

A feature of the invention of especial value in reservoir-bottoms is thelaying of the blocks of masonry with wide joints between them andfilling these joints with waterproof material of substantially permanentplasticity, such as the well-known coal-tar or asphalt mixtures of thiskind. The plastic material then continues to fill the joint and to stopthe passage of water under all normal condition of temperature.

Referring to the reservoir bottom illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, Fig. 1 shows the same divided into sections or blocks A,formed of concrete and of as great size as will hold together in use,the strength and possible size of the blocks being increased by theembedded metal reinforce, hereinafter referred to. For example, wepropose to make these blocks about fifty feet square. The blocks A areseparated by wide joints sulficient to allow for the extreme expansionto which the material may be subjected, the exposed edges of the jointsbeing indicated at B.

The structure may be built of asingle course of masonry, as indicated inFig. 3, but preferably for such structures as reservoir-bottoms, whichmay be subjected to a heavy pressure of water and which may be undergreat strain owing to the inequalities of the ground upon which themasonry rests, we prefer to.

provide a base course which may be built of deeper blocks C, preferablyof the same length and breadth. as the blocks A, but breaking jointstherewith, as illustrated. The blocks are reinforced by embedded metalnear their bases, at which point the greatest tensile strain comes. Thereinforcing metal is preferably in the form of a wire fabric D, whichmay be of the type described in the application of William N. Wight,Serial No. 114,868, filed July 9, 1902. The fabric is preferably formedin continuous sheets extending across the joints and crimped, as atE orF, to yield readily to expansion or contraction. In order to prevent anypossible escape through the lower course of blocks C of water which maypass through the upper course, a sheet of waterproof fabric, such asfelt Gr, extends along the face of the blocks C, preferably also in acontinuous sheet and with a crimped portion I-I between the blocks.Preferably a similar sheet of felt or the like J is provided on theadjacent face of the upper course of blocks A and is formed with acrimped portion K in the joint between the blocks A. An additionalfunction of these two sheets of felt is the provision of a sliding jointbetween the two courses of blocks A and C, so that. the upper and lowerportions of the bottom may expand unequally without injury. The sheetsof felt Gr are preferably applied on the faces of the masonry blocks bymeans of adhesive waterproof material L, such as the coal-tar compoundsreferred to, but their outer faces are non-adhesive, and preferably forgreater facility of movement an additional non-adhesive sheet M offabric is laid between the two sheets G and J. The joints are leftsomewhat Wide, and a mass of plastic waterproof material is placedtherein, which by reason of its substantially perrrfanent plasticitywill close the space between the blocks under all conditions. The massof plastic material N of the lower course extends directly to the lowerface of the masonry. The mass of similar material 0 of the upper courserests on the crimped portion K of the facing fabric J.

. An element of additional security and adapted for use in allstructures which are subjected to pressure against their face consistsof a plug B of concrete between the blocks A and at the exposed facethereof, this plug flaring outward to correspond with the flaring edgesP of the masonry blocks. This plug may, as shown in Fig. 1, be a singlenarrow strip of concrete extending the entire length of a joint betweentwo blocks or between any number of. blocks. The inclined faces of theplug or the beveled faces P of the masonry blocks may be provided withfelt to facilitate relative movement of the plug and the block, ifdesired. When the blocks Acontract, Fig. 3, the pressure within thereservoir forces the plugs B down into the joint and continuouslymaintains the joint tight.

Though we have described with great particularity of detail a structureembodying our invention, yet it is to be understood that the inventionis not limited to the specific embodiment illustrated. Variousmodifications thereof in details and in the arrangement and combinationof the parts may be made by those skilled in the art without departurefrom the invention.

What we claim is- 1. An expansion-joint for masonry comprising the twoadjoining ends of masonry blocks, and a reticulated metal reinforceembedded therein and crimped between them.

2. An expansion-j oint for masonry comprising the two adjoining ends ofmasonry blocks, and a sheet of waterproof fabric along the face of saidblocks and crimped between them.

3. An expansion-joint for masonry comprising the two adjoining ends ofmasonry blocks with a wide space between them, a reticulated metalreinforce embedded in said blocks and crimped between them, and a massof plastic waterproof material in said space.

4. A masonry structure formed of two courses of masonry with a slidingjoint between the courses.

5. A masonry joint formed of two courses of masonry with a sliding jointbetween the courses and each course being formed of blocks withexpansion-joints between them.

6. A Waterproof sliding joint between two courses of masonry comprisingthe two adjoining portions of masonry, and sheets of fabric applied onsaid faces by means of adhesive waterproof material and havingnon-adhesive outer faces.

7. A waterproof sliding joint between two courses of masonry comprisingthe two adjoining portions of masonry, sheets of fabric applied on saidfaces by means of adhesive waterproof material and having non-"adhesiveouter faces, and an additional sheet of fabric between the other two andhaving non-adhesive faces.

'8. A masonry structure comprising two courses of masonry, sheets offabric applied on the adjacent faces thereof by means of adhesivematerial and having non-adhesive outer faces, said sheets being crimpedbetween the blocks.

' 9. A masonry structure formed of two courses of masonry in blocks withwide joints between them, and a mass of plastic waterproof material inthe joints.

10. An expansion-joint for masonry structures subjected to pressureagainst their faces comprising the two adjoining ends of masonry blocks,the edges of said blocks flaring toward the face of the structure, and awedge-shaped plug in the space between said flared edges.

11. A reservoir-bottom or the like formed of two courses of concrete inblocks with open oints between them, a filling of plastic Water- Inwitness whereof We have hereunto signed our names in the presence of twosubscribing IO witnesses.

WILLIAM N. WIGHT. FRED E. TOWNSEND. Witnesses:

DOMINGO A. USINA, FRED IVHITE.

